The Africa Fragility Initiative (AFI) is an IFC platform supporting responsible private sector growth in 32 African countries with fragile dynamics. This strategic review covered AFI’s support for local economic development by strengthening the domestic private sector, applying conflict sensitivity to IFC’s work in fragile and conflict-affected situations (FCS), and innovating and providing thought leadership on FCS issues. It included efforts such as the Local Champions Initiative, as well as pilot innovative tools and approaches in the areas of climate mitigation and adaptation, and refugees/forced displacement. The review covered the six traditional evaluation criteria, and involved the elaboration of case studies on conflict sensivity, knowledge management and investment facilitation.